Camponotus stefani is an uncommon ant in the Canberra region. The species is broadly similar in appearance to Camponotus nigroaeneus, being gracile and narrow headed. However Camponotus stefani has a distinctive petiolar node, which has a broad, blocky appearance in lateral view, with short front face, and long top and rear faces. This is in contrast to the petiolar node in Camponotus nigroaeneus, which has a more typical upright node with obvious front and rear faces and a rounded top. In addition, Camponotus stefani, while generally blackish, is often seen with areas of brown colouration, unlike Camponotus nigroeneus which is almost always black.